Mechanica 2011 - IIT Madras

April 9,10 (Mechanical)

Mechanica 2011, an annual technical festival of the Mechanical Engineering Department of IIT Madras, Chennai. At Mechanica, we present to you unparallel oppoirtunities to test your skills.

National Symposium on Rotor Dynamics - IIT Madras

December 19,20,21

Most machines have one or more rotating parts. Rotating machine elements thus form the backbone of industrial infrastructure and therefore play a pivotal role in the growth and development of the country. Rotor Dynamics is the key in design and maintenance of all such rotating machinery. This area has made tremendous strides in recent years.

ObCom 2011 - VIT

September 9

This International Conference is a major event to be conducted following the grand success of series of ObCom conferences during 2003, 2004 and 2006, which were audited by a good number of participants from Academia and Industry across the World. The past ObCom conferences received good contributions from academia, industry and research organizations. Our sponsors included governmental and non-governmental agencies like DRDO, ISTE, DIT, CSIR etc.

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Amelioration Of Phase Change Materials Using Nanoparticles For Thermal Energy Storage

Posted by tpapers On 5:56 pm 0 comments
Abstract:

Phase Change Materials (PCM) are used in latent heat storage system. The use of PCM is the best method of thermal energy storage, because the process of storage is isothermal and the specific heat capacity of the PCM is infinite and hence the storage density is very high. But the thermal conductivity of PCM is manifestly low. In order to counterbalance that Nanoparticles are utilized.  The selection of PCM plays vital role in the thermal energy storage system. In this paper an attempt is made to provide information on Phase Change Materials for thermal energy storage for various applications and the use of proper nanoparticle for it. This paper also assists to enhance the rate of heat transfer while charging and discharging of stored thermal energy.

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DISTORTION CONTROL IN LARGE WELDED SHIP STRUCTURES

Posted by tpapers On 7:48 pm 0 comments
Abstract:

Shape change and dimension change in association with the plastic flow of residual stresses are the perennial problems as far as welding is concerned. Apart from shape and dimensional changes the distortion poses problem of difficulties on further assembly and maintaining the aesthetics.   Correcting distortion involves heavy cost and time and in many cases the correction becomes impossible. These difficulties prompt to develop methods to control distortion during various stages of fabrication. They involve theoretical prediction and proper sequencing to balance the heat input to control distortion rather than correcting it after occurring. It is to be noted that the prediction of distortion is not an easy task since it involves analysis of transient thermal stresses and computation of incompatible plastic strains.Hence in many, the practical application of proper sequence of weld would relieve us from the worry of distortion..
The objective was to control distortion during fabrication of a vessel which has many internals.  Each internal has a number of stiffeners which were to be welded on the internal.  Considering the amount of welding and high heat input, it is found out that the distortion would likely to be more. Further, to add to this problem, the stiffeners were to be welded only on one side of the all the internals and also the maximum thickness of internals were 8 mm. After a detailed analysis on heat input, size of the internal and one side welding, it was decided to devise proper weld sequence of each internal and also  proper sequences for the internal to the main vessel welding.  Accordingly weld sequences were devised for more than 20 internals. Due to heavy welding on one side, one of the internals got deformed slightly above the required levels.  Since heating on the component was restricted, this deformation was corrected mechanically. After fabricating all the internal assemblies they were welded to the main shell with suitable sequences so the mismatching problem was avoided.

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LOW COST AUTOMATION USING ELECTRO PNEUMATIC SYSTEM – AN ON LINE CASE STUDY IN MULTISTATION PART TRANSFER, DRILLING AND TAPPING MACHINE

Posted by tpapers On 7:47 pm 0 comments
Abstract:


This paper discusses the case study and, comparison of productivity of a component using a real time multi stationed AUTOMATED ROTARY TRANSFER LINE used for Drilling, tapping and inspecting a standard block of size 50 X 50 X 75 mm with drill size diameter 5 x 20 mm long and tapping the drill by M6 machine Tap.
 
The clamping of the component, part transfer and feed of the drilling machine spindle is done using electro-pneumatics.  The total logic of the system is based on Low cost automation with the micro controllers. The following studies are carried out 1. Time saved by component handling (loading and unloading), using pneumatic clamping, 2. Increase in productivity both qualitative and quantitative, 3. Improved repeatability and accuracy, 4. Less human intervention, indirectly reduction in operator fatigue, 5.Less rejection due to automatic controls 6.Minimization of production costs.


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FACILITY LAYOUT DESIGN USING GENITIC ALGORITHM

Posted by tpapers On 12:54 pm 0 comments
Abstract:


Any major industry’s success depends invariably on the location of its bases, production centers and warehouses. Thus locating the sites before establishing these units  is done by facility location and planning unit of the industry. For greater profits the facilities should be located at an optimum distance from the market , raw material procurement sites utilities like water , sand etc.   For these problems involving layout a number of algorithms are in use like ALDEP,CORELAP, CRAFT etc. But since the location of facilities have become very complex due to greater constraints these days a determined search of a good algorithm begins. This can be achieved by using GENETIC ALGORITHMS. This type of evolutionary algorithms have made the computational effort fast and accurate.

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AI AUTOMATES SUBSTATION CONTROL

Posted by tpapers On 12:52 pm 0 comments
Abstract:

Controlling a substation by a fuzzy controller speeds up response time diminishes up the possibility of risks normally related to human operations. The automation of electric substation is an area under constant development Our research has focused on, the Selection of the magnitude to be controlled, Definition  and  implementation  of  the  soft  techniques, Elaboration  of  a  programming  tool  to  execute  the  control  operations. it is possible to control the desired status while supervising some important magnitudes as the voltage, power factor, and harmonic distortion, as well as the present status. The status of the circuit breakers can be control by using a knowledge  base that relates some of the operation magnitudes, mixing status variables with time variables and fuzzy sets .The  number of necessary magnitudes to a supervise and to control a substation can be very high in the present research work, many magnitudes were not included .To avoid the extensive number of required rules nevertheless , controlling a substation by a fuzzy controller has the advantage that it can speed up the response time and diminish the possibility of risks normally related to human operations.   

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SECURITY SYSTEM BASED ON STEPPER MOTOR CONTROL USING MICRO CONTROLLER

Posted by tpapers On 8:24 pm 0 comments
Abstract:


There are different types of security models in the present day world. A prototype of security model is considered in which stepper motor is controlled using micro controller. Stepper motor is only considered because of its advantages such as precise positioning and accurate placement. These can be controlled by using microprocessors but micro controllers have several advantages over  microprocessors due to which it is considered for controlling of  motor. Though there are different types of  stepper motors selection of  motor is based  on the application. Micro controllers produce very minute currents which are not sufficient to drive the stepper sufficient to drive the stepper motor, so a driver circuit is used namely ULN 2003 to amplify the current . ULN 2003 consists of 7 pairs of Darlington pair transistors which are used to amplify the current. Sensors used for protection consists of transmitter and receiver and if any thing is obstructed between them signal will be given to the controller and stepper motor rotates to that side, by connecting a camera to the stepper motor the image can be monitored. This can be further extended and can be used in robotics which is the future of the world.

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DECENTRALISED ARCHITECTURE FOR POWER ELECTRONIC SYSTEM DESIGN BASED ON BIONICS

Posted by tpapers On 8:21 pm 0 comments
Abstract:

This paper proposes a novel bionic approach for enhancing reliability of power electronic system by utilizing some principles including autonomous decentralized architecture inspired from human body system. The application of bionics in power electronics is innovative from the methodological point of view. Finally a single phase full-bridge power inverter based on autonomous decentralized architecture is investigated. The investigated inverter has advantages in reliability, flexibility and user-friendliness compared to conventional centralized power converters. The proposed autonomous decentralized architecture in this paper has a promising prospect and paves the way towards future Plug and Play power electronic systems for so many significant advantages .This paper studies reliability principle in human body system and applies it to the design of power electronic system requiring high reliability. A single phase full-bridge inverter based on autonomous decentralized architecture is investigated in the method of PEB. The designed converter has advantages in reliability and flexibility compared to conventional power converter .The goal of this paper is to provide some novel ideas for designing high reliable power system based on PEB and to stimulate further discussion on application of bionics in power electronics from the methodological point of view.

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HVDC TRANSMISSION USING VOLTAGE SOURCE CONVERTERS (VSC)

Posted by tpapers On 4:53 pm 0 comments

Abstract:

Rapid developments in the field of power electronic devices with turn off capability like insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT) and gate turn off transistors (GTO), makes the voltage source converters (VSC) getting more and more attractive for High voltage direct current transmission (HVDC).This new innovative technology provides substantial technical and economical advantages for direct applications compared to conventional HVDC transmission systems based on thyristor technology. VSC Application for HVDC systems of high power rating (up to 200MW) which are currently in discussion for several projects are mentioned. The underlying technology of VSC based HVDC systems, its Characteristics and the working principle of VSC based HVDC system are also presented. This paper concludes with a brief set of guidelines for choosing VSC based HVDC systems in today’s electricity system development.

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A Solution to Remote Detection of Illegal Electricity Usage via Power Line Communications

Posted by tpapers On 4:50 pm 0 comments
Abstract:

Power line communication (PLC) presents an interesting and economical solution for Automatic Meter Reading (AMR). If an AMR system via PLC is set in a power delivery system, a detection system for illegal electricity usage may be easily added in the existing PLC network. In the detection system, the second digitally energy meter chip is used and the value of energy is stored. The recorded energy is compared with the value at the main kilo Watt-hour meter. In the case of the difference between two recorded energy data, an error signal is generated and transmitted via PLC network. The detector and control system is proposed. The architecture of the system and their critical components are given. The measurement results are given.
This paper describes detector system for illegal electricity usage using the power lines based on the research work-taking place at the Central Power Research Institute (CPRI), Bangalore. The target of this study is to discover new and possible solutions for this problem.

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CONSTRAINT – BASED MAINTENANCE SCHEDULING ON AN ELECTRIC POWER – DISTRIBUTION

Posted by tpapers On 4:47 pm 0 comments
Abstract:

The Exploitation of a power-distribution net work involves the scheduling of multiple maintenance and unforeseen repair tasks. The main resource is a net work subject to topological, economical and electric constraints.
A line section being maintained needs to be isolated from the rest of the network by opening all surrounding switches. Energized, which is unacceptable in most cases. Hence, these areas have to get there supply via some alternative way, i.e, service needs being restored closing switches connecting to an energized part of the network, taking into account overloading of branches, energy losses, and the cost of the necessary switching operations. Incase tasktasks are carried out in the same area ,switching operations might be shared among them. In some cases a valid net work reconfiguration might not even exist. Finally, typical scheduling constraints have to be met: resource of limited availability (man power ,vehicles etc.),view dates, priority relations ,etc. We present PLANETS, a prototype scheduler based on CHIP, generating never optimal schedules for the tasks to be carried out in one week making sure that ,at any movement in time the network is appropriately reconfigured to guarantee power supply to all consumers. The minimization criterion involves lateness, priority and total cost of the necessary switching operations.

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